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Ablation of Leptin Signaling Disrupts the Establishment, Development, and Maintenance of Endometriosis-Like Lesions in a Murine Model

Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology (A.K.S., B.T.S., T.S., R.R.G., B.R.R.), Vincent Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Fertility Center (A.K.S., J.C.P.), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A.K.S., J.C.P., B.R.R.), and Department of Dermatology (S.C., T.H.), Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114; Harvard Medical School (A.K.S., T.S., B.R.R.), and Department of Surgery (M.P., D.A.), Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; Morehouse School of Medicine (R.R.G.), Atlanta, Georgia 30310; and Boston Biomedical Research Institute (R.R.G.), Watertown, Massachusetts 02472

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Bo R. Rueda, Ph.D., Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, THR 901A, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114. E-mail: brueda{at}partners.org.

Leptin, a 16-kDa cytokine, has been implicated in several reproductive processes and disorders. Notably, elevated leptin levels in the peritoneal fluid of women with mild endometriosis has been demonstrated, suggesting a role for this cytokine in the early stages of disease establishment. To gain insight into the functional significance of leptin during the initial requisite proliferative and neovascularization events involved in endometriosis, we investigated the effect of disruption of in vivo leptin signaling on the establishment and/or maintenance of an endometriosis-like lesion in a syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model of endometriosis. Findings of this study show that the disruption of leptin signaling by ip injection of the pegylated leptin peptide receptor antagonist (LPrA) impairs the establishment of endometriosis-like lesions (derived from uteri of C57BL/6 female siblings) and results in a reduction of viable organized glandular epithelium, vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression, and mitotic activity. LPrA treatment resulted in a significant reduction of microvascular density in endometriosis-like lesions after continuous and acute courses. Endometriosis-like lesions (derived from tissue with functional leptin receptor) of Lepr^db hosts (nonfunctional leptin receptor) were phenotypically similar to those of LPrA-treated mice. Our results confirm that leptin signaling is a necessary component in lesion proliferation, early vascular recruitment, and maintenance of neoangiogenesis in a murine model of endometriosis.