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Selective Regulation of Glutamic Decarboxylase Isoform 65, But Not Isoform 67, in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis and the Preoptic Area of the Ewe Brain Across the Estrous Cycle

Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research (S.P., I.J.C.), Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia; and Department of Physiology (C.J.S.), Monash University, 3800 Victoria, Australia

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Sueli Pompolo, Prince Henry’s Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 5152, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia. E-mail: sueli.pompolo{at}med.monash.edu.au

-Aminobutyric acid neurons in the preoptic area (POA) of the brain may regulate GnRH neurons. The level of expression of two isoforms (65 and 67) of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in the ewe brain was determined across the estrous cycle by in situ hybridization. GAD mRNA expression (cell number and silver grains/cell) was examined in the subdivisions of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BnST), in the diagonal band of Broca, and the POA. The number of cells expressing GAD₆₅ and GAD₆₇ mRNA did not change across the cycle. Within the rostro-dorsal BnST, the number of silver grains/cell for GAD₆₅ mRNA was lower in the follicular phase than the luteal phase or at estrus. In the rostro-lateral division, expression was lower in the follicular phase. In the POA, the number of silver grains/cell for GAD₆₅ mRNA was lower at estrus than during the luteal phase. The number of silver grains/cell for GAD₆₇ mRNA did not change across the estrous cycle. GAD₆₅ is thought to be the active enzyme during periods of high demand of GABA and our results are consistent with the GABA neurons of BnST being most active during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle.

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