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Microarray Analysis of the in Vivo Effects of Hypophysectomy and Growth Hormone Treatment on Gene Expression in the Rat¹

Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute (A.F.-M., N.S., P.T.-E., G.N.), 17176 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology (J.L.), Stockholm 10044, Sweden; and Institute for Genomic Research (R.L.M., J.Q., N.H.L.), Rockville, Maryland 20850

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr. Amilcar Flores-Morales, Department of Molecular Medicine, CMM, L8:01, Karolinska Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail: amilcar.flores{at}molmed.ki.se

Complementary DNA microarrays containing 3000 different rat genes were used to study the consequences of severe hormonal deficiency (hypophysectomy) on the gene expression patterns in heart, liver, and kidney. Hybridization signals were seen from a majority of the arrayed complementary DNAs; nonetheless, tissue-specific expression patterns could be delineated. Hypophysectomy affected the expression of genes involved in a variety of cellular functions. Between 16–29% of the detected transcripts from each tissue changed expression level as a reaction to this condition. Chronic treatment of hypophysectomized animals with human GH also caused significant changes in gene expression patterns. The study confirms previous knowledge concerning certain gene expression changes in the above-mentioned situations and provides new information regarding hypophysectomy and chronic human GH effects in the rat. Furthermore, we have identified several new genes that respond to GH treatment. Our results represent a first step toward a more global understanding of gene expression changes in states of hormonal deficiency.