help button home button Endocrine Society Endocrinology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Purchase Article
Right arrow View Shopping Cart
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Smith, M. J.
Right arrow Articles by Wise, P. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Smith, M. J.
Right arrow Articles by Wise, P. M.
Endocrinology Vol. 141, No. 11 4317-4320
Copyright © 2000 by The Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

Localization of the VIP2 Receptor Protein on GnRH Neurons in the Female Rat

Matthew J. Smith, Lothar Jennes and Phyllis M. Wise

Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Phyllis M. Wise, Ph.D., University of Kentucky, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, 800 Rose Street, MS508 Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0298.

In mammals, the timing and occurrence of the preovulatory LH surge critically depends on the proper functioning of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Recent evidence suggests that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) conveys time of day information from the SCN to GnRH neurons. However, it is not completely clear whether this action is exerted directly at the level of the GnRH neuron. To determine if GnRH neurons are direct targets for VIP, triple-lable immunofluorescence was utilized to simultaneously localize GnRH, VIP and VIP2 receptor protein. The present results demonstrate that about 40% of all GnRH neurons analyzed contain VIP2 receptor immunoreactivity and that VIP-containing processes were seen in close apposition to a significant number of VIP2 receptor-positive GnRH neurons. GnRH neurons that exhibit immunoreactivity for the VIP2 receptor are located predominantly in the OVLT region and the rostral preoptic area. In the median eminence, where the majority of GnRH neurons terminate, VIP2 receptor immunoreactivity was absent. In summary, these findings indicate that VIP can communicate directly with GnRH neurons.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
C. A. Christian and S. M. Moenter
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Can Excite Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in a Manner Dependent on Estradiol and Gated by Time of Day
Endocrinology, June 1, 2008; 149(6): 3130 - 3136.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
L. M. Gerhold and P. M. Wise
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Regulates Dynamic Changes in Astrocyte Morphometry: Impact on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons
Endocrinology, May 1, 2006; 147(5): 2197 - 2202.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 EndocrinologyHome page
H. O. de la Iglesia and W. J. Schwartz
Minireview: Timely Ovulation: Circadian Regulation of the Female Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis
Endocrinology, March 1, 2006; 147(3): 1148 - 1153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Mol. Endocrinol.Home page
E. M. Apostolakis, D. N. Riherd, and B. W. O'Malley
PAC1 Receptors Mediate Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide- and Progesterone-Facilitated Receptivity in Female Rats
Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2005; 19(11): 2798 - 2811.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ReproductionHome page
F. J P Ebling
The neuroendocrine timing of puberty
Reproduction, June 1, 2005; 129(6): 675 - 683.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
L. M. Gerhold, K. L. Rosewell, and P. M. Wise
Suppression of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Leads to Aging-Like Alterations in cAMP Rhythms and Activation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons
J. Neurosci., January 5, 2005; 25(1): 62 - 67.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
E. N. Ottem, J. G. Godwin, S. Krishnan, and S. L. Petersen
Dual-Phenotype GABA/Glutamate Neurons in Adult Preoptic Area: Sexual Dimorphism and Function
J. Neurosci., September 15, 2004; 24(37): 8097 - 8105.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
Y. Chaiseha, O. M. Youngren, and M. E. El Halawani
Expression of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor Messenger RNA in the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Throughout the Turkey Reproductive Cycle
Biol Reprod, March 1, 2004; 70(3): 593 - 599.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. Paruthiyil, M. E. Majdoubi, M. Conti, and R. I. Weiner
Phosphodiesterase expression targeted to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons inhibits luteinizing hormone pulses in transgenic rats
PNAS, December 24, 2002; 99(26): 17191 - 17196.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Recent Prog Horm ResHome page
P. M. Wise, M. J. Smith, D. B. Dubal, M. E. Wilson, S. W. Rau, A. B. Cashion, M. Bottner, and K. L. Rosewell
Neuroendocrine Modulation and Repercussions of Female Reproductive Aging
Recent Prog. Horm. Res., January 1, 2002; 57(1): 235 - 256.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Biol. Reprod.Home page
K. Krajnak, K. L. Rosewell, and P. M. Wise
Fos-Induction in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Receiving Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Innervation Is Reduced in Middle-Aged Female Rats
Biol Reprod, April 1, 2001; 64(4): 1160 - 1164.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Endocrinology Endocrine Reviews J. Clin. End. & Metab.
Molecular Endocrinology Recent Prog. Horm. Res. All Endocrine Journals
Copyright © 2000 by The Endocrine Society