| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
ARTICLES |
Detected on the Plasma Membrane of Aldehyde-Fixed GH3/B6/F10 Rat Pituitary Tumor Cells by Enzyme-Linked Immunocytochemistry1
Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics (A.M.N., C.S.W.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.L.T.), University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555; and Department of Pediatrics (B.G.), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Cheryl S. Watson, Ph.D., Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0645. E-mail: cswatson{at}utmb.edu
A population of estrogen receptor-
(ER) proteins, located at the
plasma membrane, is postulated to mediate the rapid, nongenomic
responses of GH3/B6/F10 pituitary cells to estrogen. To
demonstrate the presence of ER at the plasma membrane and to
distinguish this receptor population from that in the nucleus,
GH3/B6/F10 cells were first prepared in 2%
paraformaldehyde/0.1% glutaraldehyde in PBS (P/G) without detergent,
then exposed to one of several antibodies (Abs) raised against nuclear
ER. Ab binding was visualized as a fluorescent/chromagenic reaction
product catalyzed by avidin-biotin-complexed alkaline
phosphatase. With P/G fixation, Abs could only access antigens at the
cell surface, as evidenced by the inability of 70K mol wt
dextrans to permeate cells and the absence of intracellular staining by
Abs to cytoplasmic or nuclear antigens. ER Abs generated membrane,
but not nuclear, staining in P/G-fixed cells; nuclear receptor labeling
could only be detected in detergent-treated cells. Specificity of
staining for ER was confirmed by three approaches: first, treatment
with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to nuclear ER mRNA reduced
immunolabeling of both membrane and nuclear ER; second, labeling by
two Abs raised against different ER oligopeptides was neutralized by
competing peptide; third, six Abs (ER21, H226, R4, H222, MC20, and
C542) that recognize unique epitopes on rodent ER produced
immunolabeling, but neither primate-specific ER Ab nor Ab to ERß
caused staining. In addition to demonstrating the plasma membrane ER
in GH3/B6/F10 cells, this method should be applicable to
other cell types that exhibit nongenomic responses to estrogen or other
steroid hormones.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  Y. Pang, J. Dong, and P. Thomas Estrogen Signaling Characteristics of Atlantic Croaker G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 (GPR30) and Evidence It Is Involved in Maintenance of Oocyte Meiotic Arrest Endocrinology, July 1, 2008; 149(7): 3410 - 3426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. R. Hammes and E. R. Levin Extranuclear Steroid Receptors: Nature and Actions Endocr. Rev., December 1, 2007; 28(7): 726 - 741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. J. Pietras and D. C. Marquez-Garban Membrane-Associated Estrogen Receptor Signaling Pathways in Human Cancers Clin. Cancer Res., August 15, 2007; 13(16): 4672 - 4676. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Yin, J. M. Mendenhall, S. B. Bratton, T. Oung, W. G. M. Janssen, J. H. Morrison, and A. C. Gore Novel Localization of NMDA Receptors Within Neuroendocrine Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Terminals Experimental Biology and Medicine, May 1, 2007; 232(5): 662 - 673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Vasudevan and D. W. Pfaff Membrane-Initiated Actions of Estrogens in Neuroendocrinology: Emerging Principles Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2007; 28(1): 1 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Pedram, M. Razandi, and E. R. Levin Nature of Functional Estrogen Receptors at the Plasma Membrane Mol. Endocrinol., September 1, 2006; 20(9): 1996 - 2009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Levin Integration of the Extranuclear and Nuclear Actions of Estrogen Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2005; 19(8): 1951 - 1959. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Acconcia, P. Ascenzi, A. Bocedi, E. Spisni, V. Tomasi, A. Trentalance, P. Visca, and M. Marino Palmitoylation-dependent Estrogen Receptor {alpha} Membrane Localization: Regulation by 17{beta}-Estradiol Mol. Biol. Cell, January 1, 2005; 16(1): 231 - 237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. M. Braun and P. Thomas Biochemical Characterization of a Membrane Androgen Receptor in the Ovary of the Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) Biol Reprod, July 1, 2004; 71(1): 146 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Xu, R. J. Traystman, P. D. Hurn, and M. M. Wang Membrane Restraint of Estrogen Receptor {alpha} Enhances Estrogen-Dependent Nuclear Localization and Genomic Function Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2004; 18(1): 86 - 96. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. S. Watson and B. Gametchu Proteins of Multiple Classes May Participate in Nongenomic Steroid Actions Experimental Biology and Medicine, December 1, 2003; 228(11): 1272 - 1281. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. P. McDonnell Mining the Complexities of the Estrogen Signaling Pathways for Novel Therapeutics Endocrinology, October 1, 2003; 144(10): 4237 - 4240. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. K. Wong, H. H. Le, A. Zsarnovszky, and S. M. Belcher Estrogens and ICI182,780 (Faslodex) Modulate Mitosis and Cell Death in Immature Cerebellar Neurons via Rapid Activation of p44/p42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase J. Neurosci., June 15, 2003; 23(12): 4984 - 4995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Marino, F. Acconcia, and A. Trentalance Biphasic Estradiol-induced AKT Phosphorylation Is Modulated by PTEN via MAP Kinase in HepG2 Cells Mol. Biol. Cell, June 1, 2003; 14(6): 2583 - 2591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Orihuela, A. Parada-Bustamante, P. P. Cortes, C. Gatica, and H. B. Croxatto Estrogen Receptor, Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, and Protein Kinase A Are Involved in the Nongenomic Pathway by Which Estradiol Accelerates Oviductal Oocyte Transport in Cyclic Rats Biol Reprod, April 1, 2003; 68(4): 1225 - 1231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Razandi, G. Alton, A. Pedram, S. Ghonshani, P. Webb, and E. R. Levin Identification of a Structural Determinant Necessary for the Localization and Function of Estrogen Receptor {alpha} at the Plasma Membrane Mol. Cell. Biol., March 1, 2003; 23(5): 1633 - 1646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. R. Levin Bidirectional Signaling between the Estrogen Receptor and the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mol. Endocrinol., March 1, 2003; 17(3): 309 - 317. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Razandi, A. Pedram, S. T. Park, and E. R. Levin Proximal Events in Signaling by Plasma Membrane Estrogen Receptors J. Biol. Chem., January 17, 2003; 278(4): 2701 - 2712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. W. Singleton, Y. Feng, C. J. Burd, and S. A. Khan Nongenomic Activity and Subsequent c-fos Induction by Estrogen Receptor Ligands Are Not Sufficient to Promote Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Human Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Cells Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 121 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. H. CAMPBELL, N. BULAYEVA, D. B. BROWN, B. GAMETCHU, and C. S. WATSON Regulation of the membrane estrogen receptor-{alpha}: role of cell density, serum, cell passage number, and estradiol FASEB J, December 1, 2002; 16(14): 1917 - 1927. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. J. Ho and J. K. Liao Nonnuclear Actions of Estrogen Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2002; 22(12): 1952 - 1961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Razandi, P. Oh, A. Pedram, J. Schnitzer, and E. R. Levin ERs Associate with and Regulate the Production of Caveolin: Implications for Signaling and Cellular Actions Mol. Endocrinol., January 1, 2002; 16(1): 100 - 115. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Belcher and A. Zsarnovszky Estrogenic Actions in the Brain: Estrogen, Phytoestrogens, and Rapid Intracellular Signaling Mechanisms J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2001; 299(2): 408 - 414. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Orihuela and H. B. Croxatto Acceleration of Oviductal Transport of Oocytes Induced by Estradiol in Cycling Rats Is Mediated by Nongenomic Stimulation of Protein Phosphorylation in the Oviduct Biol Reprod, October 1, 2001; 65(4): 1238 - 1245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. O'Donnell, K. M. Robertson, M. E. Jones, and E. R. Simpson Estrogen and Spermatogenesis Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2001; 22(3): 289 - 318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. L. Chambliss, I. S. Yuhanna, C. Mineo, P. Liu, Z. German, T. S. Sherman, M. E. Mendelsohn, R. G. W. Anderson, and P. W. Shaul Estrogen Receptor {alpha} and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Are Organized Into a Functional Signaling Module in Caveolae Circ. Res., November 24, 2000; 87 (11): e44 - e52. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. J. Watters, T.-Y. Chun, Y.-N. Kim, P. J. Bertics, and J. Gorski Estrogen Modulation of Prolactin Gene Expression Requires an Intact Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathway in Cultured Rat Pituitary Cells Mol. Endocrinol., November 1, 2000; 14(11): 1872 - 1881. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C. Manolagas Birth and Death of Bone Cells: Basic Regulatory Mechanisms and Implications for the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Osteoporosis Endocr. Rev., April 1, 2000; 21(2): 115 - 137. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. NORFLEET, C. H. CLARKE, B. GAMETCHU, and C. S. WATSON Antibodies to the estrogen receptor-{alpha} modulate rapid prolactin release from rat pituitary tumor cells through plasma membrane estrogen receptors FASEB J, January 1, 2000; 14(1): 157 - 165. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Endocrinology | Endocrine Reviews | J. Clin. End. & Metab. |
| Molecular Endocrinology | Recent Prog. Horm. Res. | All Endocrine Journals |
