Endocrinology, Vol 125, 92-99, Copyright © 1989 by Endocrine Society

ARTICLES

In vivo release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone increases with puberty in the female rhesus monkey

G Watanabe and E Terasawa
Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin- Madison 53715-1299.

To determine the regulatory mechanism of the LHRH release associated with puberty, episodic release of LHRH from the stalk-median eminence was measured using a push-pull perfusion technique in conscious prepubertal and peripubertal female monkeys. After insertion of a push- pull cannula into the stalk-median eminence, a modified Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer solution was infused through the push-cannula, and perfusates were collected through the pull-cannula at 200 microliters/10 min. LHRH in perfusates was determined by RIA. Two 6-h sampling sessions, in the morning (0600-1200 h; lights on 0600 h) and in the evening (1800-2400 h; lights off 1800 h) were performed in each animal. LHRH release patterns were analyzed in prepubertal (15.7 +/- 0.7 months of age; mean +/- SEM, n = 6) early pubertal (premenarcheal; 26.1 +/- 1.0 months, n = 7), and midpubertal (40.0 +/- 1.4 months, n = 6) monkeys. Results were as follows: 1) LHRH release was pulsatile in all age groups. While LHRH release in five of six prepubertal animals consisted of small (amplitude less than 2.5 pg/ml) pulses, in all peripubertal animals LHRH release was a mixture of small and large (amplitude greater than 2.5 pg/ml) pulses. 2) There was a significant developmental increase in mean LHRH release (P less than 0.02), and this was particularly apparent in the evening. Mean LHRH release in the early and midpubertal groups was higher than that in the prepubertal group (P less than 0.05 for morning and P less than 0.01 for evening). The mean release in the evening of the midpubertal group further increased over that of the early pubertal group (P less than 0.05). 3) Similarly, LHRH pulse amplitude increased developmentally (P less than 0.01). Pulse amplitudes in early and midpubertal groups were higher than those in the prepubertal group (P less than 0.05 for morning and P less than 0.02 for evening). Again the amplitude in the evening further increased from the early pubertal to the midpubertal period (P less than 0.05). 4) There was also a developmental increase in basal LHRH release (P less than 0.01). The evening values in the early pubertal and midpubertal groups were higher than those in the prepubertal group (P less than 0.05). 5) The interpulse interval decreased developmentally (P less than 0.001). Interpulse intervals in early and midpubertal groups were shorter than those in the prepubertal group (P less than 0.01 for morning and P less than 0.025 for evening).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. L. Keen, F. H. Wegner, S. R. Bloom, M. A. Ghatei, and E. Terasawa An Increase in Kisspeptin-54 Release Occurs with the Pubertal Increase in Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone-1 Release in the Stalk-Median Eminence of Female Rhesus Monkeys in Vivo Endocrinology, August 1, 2008; 149(8): 4151 - 4157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Roth, C. Mastronardi, A. Lomniczi, H. Wright, R. Cabrera, A. E. Mungenast, S. Heger, H. Jung, C. Dubay, and S. R. Ojeda Expression of a Tumor-Related Gene Network Increases in the Mammalian Hypothalamus at the Time of Female Puberty Endocrinology, November 1, 2007; 148(11): 5147 - 5161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. M. Windsor-Engnell, E. Kasuya, M. Mizuno, K. L. Keen, and E. Terasawa An increase in in vivo release of LHRH and precocious puberty by posterior hypothalamic lesions in female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2007; 292(4): E1000 - E1009. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Mastronardi, G. G. Smiley, J. Raber, T. Kusakabe, A. Kawaguchi, V. Matagne, A. Dietzel, S. Heger, A. E. Mungenast, R. Cabrera, et al. Deletion of the Ttf1 Gene in Differentiated Neurons Disrupts Female Reproduction without Impairing Basal Ganglia Function J. Neurosci., December 20, 2006; 26(51): 13167 - 13179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Terasawa Postnatal remodeling of gonadotropin-releasing hormone I neurons: toward understanding the mechanism of the onset of puberty. Endocrinology, August 1, 2006; 147(8): 3650 - 3651. [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Shahab, C. Mastronardi, S. B. Seminara, W. F. Crowley, S. R. Ojeda, and T. M. Plant Increased hypothalamic GPR54 signaling: A potential mechanism for initiation of puberty in primates PNAS, February 8, 2005; 102(6): 2129 - 2134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. A. Dissen, R. K. Dearth, H. M. Scott, S. R. Ojeda, and W. L. Dees Alcohol Alters Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Immature Female Rhesus Monkeys by a Hypothalamic Action Endocrinology, October 1, 2004; 145(10): 4558 - 4564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. C. Gore, B. M. Windsor-Engnell, and E. Terasawa Menopausal Increases in Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release in a Nonhuman Primate (Macaca mulatta) Endocrinology, October 1, 2004; 145(10): 4653 - 4659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D.A. Zieba, M. Amstalden, S. Morton, M.N. Maciel, D.H. Keisler, and G.L. Williams Regulatory Roles of Leptin at the Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal Axis Before and after Sexual Maturation in Cattle Biol Reprod, September 1, 2004; 71(3): 804 - 812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Wilson, J. Fisher, and K. Chikazawa Estradiol Negative Feedback Regulates Nocturnal Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in Prepubertal Female Rhesus Monkeys J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2004; 89(8): 3973 - 3978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. J. Suter The Ontogeny of Pulsatile Growth Hormone Secretion and Its Temporal Relationship to the Onset of Puberty in the Agonadal Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 2004; 89(5): 2275 - 2280. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. M. Plant and M. L. Barker-Gibb Neurobiological mechanisms of puberty in higher primates Hum. Reprod. Update, January 1, 2004; 10(1): 67 - 77. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. E. Wilson, J. Fisher, K. Chikazawa, R. Yoda, A. Legendre, D. Mook, and K. G. Gould Leptin Administration Increases Nocturnal Concentrations of Luteinizing Hormone and Growth Hormone in Juvenile Female Rhesus Monkeys J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2003; 88(10): 4874 - 4883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. C. Harris and J. E. Levine Pubertal Acceleration of Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release in Male Rats as Revealed by Microdialysis Endocrinology, January 1, 2003; 144(1): 163 - 171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Sisk, H. N. Richardson, P. E. Chappell, and J. E. Levine In Vivo Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion in Female Rats during Peripubertal Development and on Proestrus Endocrinology, July 1, 2001; 142(7): 2929 - 2936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. R. Palmert and P. A. Boepple Variation in the Timing of Puberty: Clinical Spectrum and Genetic Investigation J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2001; 86(6): 2364 - 2368. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Terasawa and D. L. Fernandez Neurobiological Mechanisms of the Onset of Puberty in Primates Endocr. Rev., February 1, 2001; 22(1): 111 - 151. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. C. Gore, G. Yeung, J. H. Morrison, and T. Oung Neuroendocrine Aging in the Female Rat: The Changing Relationship of Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons and N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors Endocrinology, December 1, 2000; 141(12): 4757 - 4767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. I'Anson, J. M. Manning, C. G. Herbosa, J. Pelt, C. R. Friedman, R. I. Wood, D. C. Bucholtz, and D. L. Foster Central Inhibition of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion in the Growth-Restricted Hypogonadotropic Female Sheep Endocrinology, February 1, 2000; 141(2): 520 - 527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. E. Claypool, E. Kasuya, Y. Saitoh, F. Marzban, and E. Terasawa N-Methyl D,L-Aspartate Induces the Release of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in the Prepubertal and Pubertal Female Rhesus Monkey as Measured by in Vivo Push-Pull Perfusion in the Stalk-Median Eminence Endocrinology, January 1, 2000; 141(1): 219 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. L. Keen, A. J. Burich, D. Mitsushima, E. Kasuya, and E. Terasawa Effects of Pulsatile Infusion of the GABAA Receptor Blocker Bicuculline on the Onset of Puberty in Female Rhesus Monkeys Endocrinology, November 1, 1999; 140(11): 5257 - 5266. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. C. Gore, J. L. Roberts, and M. J. Gibson Mechanisms for the Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Expression in the Developing Mouse Endocrinology, May 1, 1999; 140(5): 2280 - 2287. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. M. Adams, R. A. Flagg, and A. C. Gore Perinatal Changes in Hypothalamic N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors and Their Relationship to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Endocrinology, May 1, 1999; 140(5): 2288 - 2296. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. E. Levine Editorial: Pulsatility in Primates--A Perspective from the Placode Endocrinology, March 1, 1999; 140(3): 1033 - 1035. [Full Text]

				M. R. Palmert, H. V. Malin, and P. A. Boepple Unsustained or Slowly Progressive Puberty in Young Girls: Initial Presentation and Long-Term Follow-Up of 20 Untreated Patients J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1999; 84(2): 415 - 423. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. Kasuya, C. L. Nyberg, K. Mogi, and E. Terasawa A Role of {gamma}-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) and Glutamate in Control of Puberty in Female Rhesus Monkeys: Effect of an Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide for GAD67 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and MK801 on Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone Release Endocrinology, February 1, 1999; 140(2): 705 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				J. M. Meredith,, F. W. Turek,, and J. E. Levine Effects of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Frequency Modulation on the Reproductive Axis of Photoinhibited Male Siberian Hamsters Biol Reprod, October 1, 1998; 59(4): 813 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. J. Suter, C. R. Pohl, and T. M. Plant The Pattern and Tempo of the Pubertal Reaugmentation of Open-Loop Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Release Assessed Indirectly in the Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) Endocrinology, June 1, 1998; 139(6): 2774 - 2783. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-P. Bourguignon, J. Jaeken, A. Gerard, and F. de Zegher Amino Acid Neurotransmission and Initiation of Puberty: Evidence from Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia in a Female Infant and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion by Rat Hypothalamic Explants J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1899 - 1903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]